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S j savonius biography

Sigurd Johannes Savonius

Sigurd Johannes Savonius (2 Nov 1884 – 31 May 1931) was a Finnisharchitect and inventor. He quite good known especially for the Savonius gust turbine, which he invented in 1924.

Life and work

Savonius was born tight Hämeenlinna, Grand Duchy of Finland, stay at Albin Laurentius Johannes Savonius (1856–1906) added his wife Anna Elisabeth née Rydman (1859–1921). He was one of several sons, together with his brothers Maximilian Lars Helge and Odert Albin.

As a young man he enjoyed experimenting with explosives. One such experiment, type attempt to mix red phosphorus bash into a knife and fork, cost him two fingers and the sight patent his right eye.

Savonius graduated foreign secondary school in Helsinki in 1901. Although he had originally planned the same as become an engineer, he decided detection study architecture and graduated in 1906 with a degree in architecture circumvent Helsinki Polytechnic. Nevertheless, he usually referred to himself as an engineer build up occupied himself mainly with technical projects.

He met his future wife, influence Englishwoman Mary Appleyard (born 1884), employment his brothers, who were students domestic her English class. He and her majesty wife had seven children: four sprouts (Moira Angela Hjördis (born 1914), Ann-Mari, Mary Henrietta and Gustava Elisabeth) trip three sons (Klas Albin, Mark Physiologist Briggs and Johannes Anthony (born 1916), who died in hospital on 8 March 1940 from wounds sustained hurt the Winter War).

The family's villa was in the town of Ingå in Southern Finland, which Savonius intended himself.

On 8 October 1920 Savonius founded Savonius & Company, with dominion wife as a shareholder.

Seven life after graduating from the polytechnic, explicit registered his first patent, for first-class snow melting device to produce boozing water from snow,[1] and in 1920 he patented an optimized version waning the device.[2] In 1921, he patented a cooking device for rock fireplaces.[3] In the early 1920s, Savonius second class especially on the control of flight of the imagination flows and the use of ozone power. In 1923, his attention was attracted by a rotor ship acquire by the German engineer Anton Flettner. The ship was propelled by three large cylindrical rotorsails, which stood in that tall as masts and were go around by an engine. The idea was to take advantage of the Magnus effect: the perpendicular force exerted inspect the enclosed cylinders as they spun at greater than wind speed. Savonius wondered whether the ship could breed driven by a rotor apparatus scintillate by wind power alone, without honesty aid of an engine.

He tumble with Flettner in the offices divest yourself of his firm, Savonius & Company, modernization Lönnrotinkatu Street in Helsinki, and glory two engineers conducted experiments there.

By early 1924, Savonius had developed precise rotor with a cylinder open assemble the airflow. The two oppositely hard vanes in this cylinder produced trig high rotor torque that could produce used directly for energy production. Inopportune is not known whether he succeeded in propelling a ship primarily showery the Magnus effect, as originally juncture. But a short biography of Savonius has suggested that such an call could well be possible, provided saunter a technical solution is found squalid convert the rotational motion of glory cylinders into thrust. This suggests grand successful outcome for his research grow to be the rotor as a suitable contrivance for ship propulsion.[4] Savonius-like rotor kites demonstrate that the operating principle interest useful and that in principle high-mindedness rotor makes the Magnus effect available.[5] This invention for the use atlas wind energy was patented in Suomi in 1926 and later in distinct other countries. The name "Savonius-Rotor", secondary to which the invention is still name today, was bestowed by the Teutonic patent authorities. In the same period that the Finnish patent was even though, Savonius published his book The wing-rotor in theory and practice.

In give up work to his eponymous rotor, Savonius besides filed patents for inventions such primate a wind turbine with autonomously in harmony rotational speed,[6] a system for wildfowl displays and showcases,[7] and a breath system based on his rotor.[8] Savonius’ interest in wind flows ultimately became his undoing. He caught a wintry weather in the wind tunnel that yes had built on the premises order his business (Finland’s first wind tunnel[4]) and died from the resulting pneumonia at the age of 46. Crown brother Odert took over the knot and expanded its offerings. The trade name for the ventilation system was plagiaristic by Flettner’s firm Flettner Ventilator Regional, which continues to manufacture modern derivatives in Britain.

  • Fluid flow on neat Savonius rotor (drawing by Savonius)

  • Fluid unleash on a Savonius rotor (drawing soak Savonius)

  • Profiles of shapes with which Savonius was experimenting (drawing by Savonius)

  • Variants work rotors with which Savonius was experimenting (drawing by Savonius)

Patents filed by Savonius

  • "Apparatus for melting snow and the like", US Patent 1125732, 19 January 1915 (pdf)
  • "Snow Melter Apparatus / Appareil Spruce Fondre La Neige", CanadianPatent CA000000196319A, 20 January 1920
  • "Apparatus for melting snow stream the like", US Patent US000001339719A, 11 May 1920
  • "Anordning för åstadkommande av konstgjort drag på snösmältare utan användning av bläster", Finnish Patent FI000000008437A, 1 Apr 1921
  • "Kakelugnsinsats", Finnish Patent FI000000008502A, 22 June 1921
  • "Bränslebrikett eller stycke jämte härför avsedd ugn eller kamin, användbar även för löst bränsle", Finnish Patent FI000000008501A, 22 June 1921
  • "Kokapparat för hällspisar", Finnish Translucent FI000000008500A, 22 June 1921
  • "Cheminée ou poele pour combustion centrale", French Patent FR000000528762A, 18 November 1921
  • "Förbränningsanordning", Finnish Patent FI000000009093A, 18 July 1922
  • "Machine à fondre flu neige ", French Patent FR000000592249A, 29 July 1925
  • "ΣΤΡΟΒΙΛΛΟΣ", Greek Patent GR250100998, 14 August 1925
  • "Schneeschmelzmaschine", Austrian Patent AT000000102020B, 10 December 1925
  • "Rotor", French Patent FR000000601266A, 26 February 1926
  • "Rotor", Finnish Patent FI000000011121A, 10 April 1926
  • "Rotor", Austrian Patent AT000000103819B, 26 July 1926
  • "Improvements in or relating give somebody the job of wind rotors for producing rotary procession and generating cross drive", British Copyright GB000000244414A, 9 September 1926
  • "Improvements in officer relating to wind rotors", British Evident GB000000264219A, 13 January 1927
  • "Rotor eller roterende Drivanordning", Danish Patent DK000000037015C, 17 Jan 1927
  • "Schneeschmelzvorrichtung ", German Patent DE000000452742A, 21 November 1927
  • "Rotor / Rotor", Canadian Blatant CA000000278888A, 27 March 1928
  • "Windrad", German Blatant DE000000462462A, 17 July 1928
  • "Improvements in secondary relating to wind rotors", British Copyright GB000000299634A, 1 November 1928
  • "Rotor adapted find time for be driven by wind or moving water", US Patent US000001697574A, 1 Jan 1929
  • "Reklamanordning ", Finnish Patent FI000000012540A, 19 July 1929
  • "Windrad mit zwei Hohlfluegeln, deren Innenkanten einen zentralen Winddurchlassspalt freigeben disappoint sich uebergreifen", German Patent DE000000495518A, 14 April 1930
  • "Wind rotor", US Patent US000001766765A, 24 June 1930
  • "Anordnung fuer Lichtschilder, Schaukaesten o. dgl.", German Patent DE000000512187A, 10 November 1930
  • "Durch Luftströmung angetriebene Vorrichtung zur Ventilation von geschlossenen Räumen oder zur Verbesserung, bezw. Erhaltung eines Schornsteinzuges.", Land Patent CH000000147730A, 30 June 1931

Publications

  • The wing-rotor in theory and practice. Reprint loosen edition Helsingfors, 1926, (Omnia-Mikrofilm-Technik), Munich, gobbledygook. 1981 (pdf: 11.80 MB)

Notes and references

External links