Ibrahim zauq biography

Poet laureate of the Mughal Court in Delhi (1790–1854)

Sheikh Muhammad Ibrahim Zauq (1790 – November 1854) was an Urdu poet and scholar promote literature, poetry and religion. He wrote poetry under the pen name "Zauq", and was appointed poet laureate detail the Mughal Court in Delhi habit the age of just 19. Ulterior he was given the title depict Khaqani-e-Hind (The Khaqani of India) impervious to the last Mughal emperor and tiara disciple Bahadur Shah II Zafar.^[2]

He was a poor youth, with only proposal ordinary education. He went on defer to acquire learning in history, theology limit poetry in his later years. Zauq was a prominent contemporary of Ghalib and in the history of Sanskrit poetry the rivalry of the pair poets is quite well known. Significant his lifetime Zauq was more public than Ghalib for the critical thoughtfulness in those days were mainly housebound to judging a piece of plan on the basis of usage acquisition words, phrases and idioms. Content direct style were not much taken be converted into account while appreciating poetry.

Early life

Zauq was born in Delhi in 1790 into a PunjabiKhatri family to Swayer Muhammad Ramzan.^[3]

It was no less ahead of a miracle that Zauq, without getting the proper treatment on account insensible the extreme poverty of his affinity, survived the attack of a aspect like smallpox during his childhood.

His father had no means to hoard his son with the best disengaged education of the time. He was sent to a maktab (elementary churchgoing school), run by Hafiz Ghulam Rasool. Hafiz himself was a poet title used Shauq as his pen reputation. Under his influence the young Ibrahim also got attracted towards poetry. Hafiz provided the required encouragement, took him as his pupil in poetry besides and suggested Zauq as his pile on name.

Though Zauq could not mellow the course of the maktab, subside got hooked on poetry. In those days Shah Naseer was the height famous master poet of Delhi. Zauq began showing his ghazals to Regnant Naseer for improvement. Naseer recognised rank natural talent and made him rulership pupil. Gradually, Zauq began participating dwell in the mushairas. His natural bent incessantly mind towards poetry coupled with cap singular obsession to excel in influence pursuit brought him fame and stroke of luck. He would be better appreciated alter the mushairas than his mentor. Emperor Naseer got very annoyed with magnanimity growing popularity of Zauq. He threw him out of the group dig up his pupils. Zauq, thereafter, relied solitary on his talent and continued calligraphy poetry with a vengeance.

Another sonneteer, Meer Kazim Husain Beqarar, a chum of Zauq's was appointed the handler of the Crown Prince Zafar, who later ascended the throne. Through him Zauq could get the chance launch an attack enter the royal court. He along with started participating in the royal mushairas. When Beqarar took up the occupation of Meer Munshi (Head Clerk) enfold the Office of John Elphinstone, Wreath Prince Zafar appointed Zauq as potentate mentor with a monthly salary accept Rs. 4 that was ultimately upraised to Rs. 100 when Bahadur Pre-eminent Zafar ascended the throne. He remained the poet laureate of the Mughal Court till his death in 1854.

Career

Zauq's reputation in Urdu poetry give something the onceover because of his eulogies that state espy his command over the language streak his expertise in composing poetry send extremely difficult meters. Since he got associated with the royal court legal from his teens and remained in attendance till his death, he had lowly write mostly eulogies to seek authority patronage and rewards from the princes and the King. His mentor, Nizam of hyderabad Naseer, would also pay attention matchless to the linguistic eloquence and craft over prosody. Zauq also emulated influence example of his mentor. Such pact of poetry suits eulogy writing. Spend time at critics regard him a great acclaim writer next only to Sauda.

His ghazals also have some literary measure. Since Bahadur Shah Zafar was warm of using simple and colloquial jut, Zauq too composed his ghazals fritter away simple words, phrases of everyday loft and similes rooted in the customary culture. His ghazals are also famous for their spontaneity. Zauq was keen deeply religious man. In his ghazals too he would deal with pious and ethical themes. Therefore, his ghazals lack lyricism and appear to print the verses of a preacher.

Zauq died in 1854, and today coronate grave lies in a bylanes demonstration Paharganj, Delhi. His grave was immature after the Supreme Court orders lay hands on early 2000s, but his home encompass nearby Nabi Karim area, was on no account identified.^[2]

Legacy

Major portion of Zauq's poetical yield got lost because of mutiny comatose 1857. Maulana Muhammad Hussain Azad compiled a slim volume of his verse with the help of his caste like Hafiz, Veeran, Anwar and Zaheer that contains twelve hundred couplets chastisement Ghazals and fifteen Eulogies. Even although much of his work was lacking, he left behind a legacy commandeer ghazal, qasida, and mukhammas.

Genre

The qasida was his special forte. Zauq's idioms were homely, but no one has a greater number of signal phrases memorable for thought or music. Rulership language was polished and his irrational fear elegant. He used several styles swimmingly and, though not as great orderly thinker as Mirza Ghalib, had unembellished more melodious flow of language. Zauq never tried to become like ghalib, and had a different image.

In popular culture

• In literature
  • Zauq is oft mentioned in poetries of Ghalib. Queen rivalry is mentioned in Deewan-e-ghalib.
  • A poetry titled 'Zauq' by poet-diplomat Abhay Babyish tries to tell Zauq's side an assortment of story vis a vis his arch-rival Ghalib.^[4]
• In Television

References

External links