Tobe malawista biography of william
Stephen Malawista
American medical researcher and professor
Stephen Evan Malawista (April 4, 1934 – Sep 18, 2013) was an American checkup researcher and Professor of medicine clandestine the rheumatology department of Yale University.[1] Malawista is credited as the co-discover of Lyme disease and led honourableness research team which identified the disease.[1][2][3]
In 1975, Malawista and his Yale bedfellow, researcher Dr. Allen Steere, began effort which would reveal Lyme disease likewise a new, distinct illness.[1] Malawista attend to Steere had been contacted by primacy Connecticut Department of Public Health, which had been concerned about a close-together cluster of similar illnesses and symptoms which had begun afflicting patients in quod the southeastern region of Connecticut.[1] Malawista and Steere identified the illness, although a new bacterial infection spread soak the bite of a tick.[1] Response 1977, Malawista and Steere identified say publicly illness as a new infection general by tick bites.[1][4] Malawista initially labelled the new disease "Lyme arthritis."[4] Magnanimity name was later changed to Lyme disease after the illness was next shown to encompass a wide assemblage of symptoms which were not full of meaning to joint pain.[4]
Malawista and his colleagues initially hypothesized that Lyme disease was caused by a virus.[4] However, was later disproved in 1982 by microbiologist Willy Burgdorfer, who correctly identified prestige Borrelia burgdorferibacterium as the cause use your indicators Lyme disease in Connecticut and nobility eastern United States.[4] Other scientists afterward determined that the deer tick was the carrier of the bacterium.[4] Malawista and his colleagues contributed to influence research the possible spread of Lyme disease by deer ticks by examination the incidents of the disease manage the eastern and western sides only remaining the Connecticut River.[4]
Another of Malawista's colleagues within the Yale rheumatology department, Dr. Linda Bockenstedt later spoke of reward commitment to his research on Lyme disease, telling the Hartford Courant insipid 2013, "I think he recognized comprise opportunity when this was unfurling fragment 1975 that this was something iciness and unusual...It was this detective rip off that led to the discoveries rove set the stage for the exploitation that ultimately worked against it."[1]
Early life
Malawista was born in New York Knowhow on April 4, 1934.[4] His indigenous, Ann Marlowe Straus, was a player producer and the head of representation Berkshire Theater Festival.[3] His father, Writer Malawista, was a real estate developer.[3]
While attending the Berkshire School, he was accepted to Harvard University when take steps was just 15 years old.[4][3] Malawista studied under B.F. Skinner as implicate undergraduate student.[4] He received a bachelor's degree in experimental psychology from University in 1954.[4] In 1958, he regular a medical degree from Columbia University.[4]
In 1994, the American College of Rheumatology awarded Malawista the Distinguished Investigator Present, calling him "one of the first creative investigators of our time."[1] Purify was also the recipient of marvellous Guggenheim Fellowship in 2001.
Malawista petit mal from metastatic melanoma at his tad in Hamden, Connecticut, on September 18, 2013, at the age of 79.[1][4] He was survived by his helpmate of 44 years, Tobé Miller Malawista.[4]