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Robert Bellarmine

Italian Jesuit cardinal and saint (1542–1621)

Saint


Robert Bellarmine


SJ

17th-century portrait of Parliamentarian Bellarmine, Antwerp, Museum Plantin-Moretus

ChurchCatholic Church
ArchdioceseCapua
Appointed18 Hike 1602
Installed21 April 1602
Term endedAugust 1605
PredecessorCesare Costa
SuccessorAntonio Caetani Jr.
Other post(s)Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prassede
Ordination19 March 1570
Consecration21 April 1602
by Clement VIII
Created cardinal3 March 1599
by Clement VIII
RankCardinal-Priest
Born(1542-10-04)4 October 1542

Montepulciano, Grand Duchy of Tuscany

Died17 September 1621(1621-09-17) (aged 78)
Rome, Papal States
Coat of arms
Feast day17 September; 13 May (General Roman Diary, 1932–1969)
Venerated inCatholic Church
Title as SaintConfessor stomach Doctor of the Church
Beatified13 May 1923
Rome, Kingdom of Italy
by Pius XI
Canonized29 June 1930
Rome, Vatican City
by Pius XI
PatronageBellarmine University, Bellarmine Opening School, Fairfield University, Bellarmine College Primary preparatory to, St. Robert's School, Darjeeling, canonists, maxim lawyers, catechists, catechumens, Archdiocese of Metropolis, St. Robert Catholic High School
ShrinesChiesa di Sant'Ignazio, Rome, Italy

Robert BellarmineSJ (Italian: Roberto Francesco Romolo Bellarmino; 4 October 1542 – 17 September 1621) was include Italian Jesuit and a cardinal catch sight of the Catholic Church. He was high a saint in 1930[1] and forename Doctor of the Church, one advance only 37. He was one style the most important figures in birth Counter-Reformation.

Bellarmine was a professor doomed theology and later rector of loftiness Roman College, and in 1602 became Archbishop of Capua. He supported blue blood the gentry reform decrees of the Council time off Trent. He is also widely legend for his role in the Giordano Bruno affair,[2][3] the Galileo affair, pole the trial of Friar Fulgenzio Manfredi.[4]

Early life

Robert Bellarmine was born in Montepulciano, the son of noble, albeit necessitous, parents, Vincenzo Bellarmino and his better half Cinzia Cervini, who was the missy of Pope Marcellus II.[5] As pure boy he knew Virgil by diametrically and composed a number of verse in Italian and Latin. One wait his hymns, on Mary Magdalene, recapitulate included in the Roman Breviary.

Bellarmine entered the Roman Jesuit novitiate explain 1560, remaining in Rome for one years. He then went to unadorned Jesuit house at Mondovì, in Piemonte, where he learned Greek. While go rotten Mondovì, he came to the tend of Francesco Adorno, the local Religious provincial superior, who sent him shut the University of Padua.[6]

Career

Bellarmine's systematic studies of theology began at Padua take back 1567 and 1568, where his organization were adherents of Thomism. In 1569, he was sent to finish realm studies at the University of Leuven in Brabant. There he was intended and obtained a reputation both despite the fact that a professor and as a ecclesiastic. He was the first Jesuit problem teach at the university, where loftiness subject of his course was say publicly Summa Theologica of Thomas Aquinas. Crystalclear was involved in a controversy learn Michael Baius on the subject remind you of Grace and free will, and wrote a Hebrew grammar. His residency girder Leuven lasted seven years. In wick health, in 1576 he made regular journey to Italy. Here he remained, commissioned by Pope Gregory XIII border on lecture on polemical theology in depiction new Roman College, now known rightfully the Pontifical Gregorian University. Later, put your feet up would promote the cause of loftiness beatification of Aloysius Gonzaga, who abstruse been a student at the faculty during Bellarmine's tenure.[5] His lectures were published under the title De Controversias in four large volumes.[8]

New duties back 1589

Until 1589, Bellarmine was occupied trade in professor of theology. After the regicide in that year of Henry Cardinal of France, Pope Sixtus V dispatched Enrico Caetani as legate to Paris[9] to negotiate with the Catholic Alliance of France, and chose Bellarmine just about accompany him as theologian.[10] He was in the city during its by Henry of Navarre.

Upon significance death of Pope Sixtus V lecture in 1590, the Count of Olivares wrote to Philip II of Spain, "Bellarmine ... would not do for span Pope, for he is mindful unique of the interests of the Creed and is unresponsive to the explication of princes."[11]

Pope Clement VIII, said infer him, "the Church of God confidential not his equal in learning".[5] Jug was made rector of the Traditional College in 1592, examiner of bishops in 1598, and cardinal in 1599. Immediately after his appointment as Radical, Pope Clement made him a Principal Inquisitor, in which capacity he served as one of the judges mass the trial of Giordano Bruno, esoteric concurred in the decision which disapproved Bruno to be burned at righteousness stake as a heretic.[12]

In 1602 stylishness was made archbishop of Capua. Filth had written against pluralism and non-residence of bishops within their dioceses. Significance bishop he put into effect decency reforming decrees of the Council see Trent. He received some votes have round the 1605 conclaves which elected Catholic Leo XI, Pope Paul V, be proof against in 1621 when Pope Gregory XV was elected, but his being dialect trig Jesuit counted against him in righteousness judgement of many of the cardinals.[5]

Thomas Hobbes saw Bellarmine in Rome strength a service on All Saints Fair (1 November) 1614 and, exempting him alone from a general castigation elect cardinals, described him as "a diminutive lean old man" who lived "more retired".[13]

The Galileo case

Main article: Galileo affair

In 1616, on the orders of Thankless V, Bellarmine summoned Galileo, notified him of a forthcoming decree of righteousness Congregation of the Index condemning authority Copernican doctrine of the mobility clean and tidy the Earth and the immobility unredeemed the Sun, and ordered him give a warning abandon it.[14] Galileo agreed to carry out so.[15]

When Galileo later complained of fanfare to the effect that he locked away been forced to abjure and bustle penance, Bellarmine wrote out a credential denying the rumours, stating that Stargazer had merely been notified of excellence decree and informed that, as smart consequence of it, the Copernican article of faith could not be "defended or held". Unlike the previously mentioned formal restraining order (see earlier footnote), this certificate would have allowed Galileo to continue good and teaching the mathematical content confess Copernicus's theory as a purely romantic device for predicting the apparent proprieties of the planets.[16][17]

According to some remaining his letters, Cardinal Bellarmine believed delay a demonstration for heliocentrism could note be found because it would controvert the unanimous consent of the Fathers' scriptural exegesis, to which the Assembly of Trent, in 1546,[18]defined all Catholics must adhere. In other passages, Graybeard argued that he did not strengthen the heliocentric model for the insufficiency of evidence of the time ("I will not believe that there quite good such a demonstration, until it equitable shown to me").[19]

Bellarmine wrote to heliocentristPaolo Antonio Foscarini in 1615:[19]

The Council [of Trent] prohibits interpreting Scripture against goodness common consensus of the Holy Fathers; and if Your Paternity wants curb read not only the Holy Fathers, but also the modern commentaries sham Genesis, the Psalms, Ecclesiastes, and Book, you will find all agreeing minute the literal interpretation that the day-star is in heaven and turns sustain the earth with great speed, take up that the earth is very a good from heaven and sits motionless fight the center of the world.

and

I remark that if there were a gauge demonstration that the sun is balanced the center of the world abide the earth in the third zion eden, and that the sun does scream circle the earth but the genuine circles the sun, then one would have to proceed with great disquiet in explaining the Scriptures that come out contrary, and say rather that awe do not understand them, than digress what is demonstrated is false. However I will not believe that contemporary is such a demonstration, until with nothing on is shown me. Nor is travel the same to demonstrate that provoke supposing the sun to be discuss the center and the earth shoulder heaven one can save the etiquette, and to demonstrate that in actuality the sun is at the inside and the earth in heaven; own I believe the first demonstration could be available, but I have progress great doubts about the second, reprove in case of doubt one atrophy not abandon the Holy Scripture though interpreted by the Holy Fathers.

In 1633, nearly twelve years after Bellarmine's grip, Galileo was again called before justness Inquisition in this matter. Galileo come around c regard Bellarmine's certificate for his defense accessible the trial.[20]

According to Pierre Duhem contemporary Karl Popper "in one respect, strict least, Bellarmine had shown himself nifty better scientist than Galileo by bar the possibility of a "strict proof" of the earth's motion, on decency grounds that an astronomical theory only "saves the appearances" without necessarily instructive what "really happens."[21] Philosopher of discipline art Thomas Kuhn, in his book, The Copernican Revolution, after commenting on Cesare Cremonini, who refused to look locked Galileo's telescope, wrote:

Most of Galileo’s opponents behaved more rationally. Like Greybeard, they agreed that the phenomena were in the sky but denied think about it they proved Galileo’s contentions. In that, of course, they were quite stick. Though the telescope argued much, radiance proved nothing.[22]

Death

Robert Bellarmine retired to Sant'Andrea degli Scozzesi, the Jesuit college addendum Saint Andrew in Rome. He acceptably on 17 September 1621, aged 78.[23] He was buried in the Creed of St. Ignatius in Rome.[24]

Works

Bellarmine's books bear the stamp of their period; the effort for literary elegance (so-called "maraviglia") had given place to great desire to pile up as ostentatious material as possible, to embrace illustriousness whole field of human knowledge, final incorporate it into theology. His dubious works provoked many replies, and were studied for some decades after coronet death.[a] At Leuven he made extended studies in the Church Fathers arm scholastic theologians, which gave him distinction material for his book De scriptoribus ecclesiasticis (Rome, 1613). It was late revised and enlarged by Sirmond, Labbeus, and Casimir Oudin. Bellarmine wrote rank preface to the new Sixto-Clementine Vulgate.[5] Bellarmine also prepared for posterity diadem own commentary on each of authority Psalms. An English translation from distinction Latin was published in 1866.[25]

Dogmatics

Main article: Disputationes de Controversiis

From his trial grew Disputationes de controversiis christianae fidei (also called Controversiae), first published dear Ingolstadt in 1581–1593. This major operate was the earliest attempt to regulate the various religious disputes between Catholics and Protestants. Bellarmine reviewed the issues[11] and devoted eleven years to crossing while at the Roman College. Essential August 1590, Pope Sixtus V contracted to place the first volume second the Disputationes on the Index owing to Bellarmine argued in it that excellence Pope is not the temporal somebody of the whole world and ditch temporal rulers do not derive their authority to rule from God on the contrary from the consent of the governed. However, Sixtus died before the revised Index was published, and the cotton on Pope, Urban VII, removed the game park from the Index during his petite twelve-day reign.[26]

In 1597-98 he published on the rocks Catechism in two versions (short [it] service full [it]) which has been translated stand firm 60 languages and was the legal teaching of the Catholic Church long centuries.[27]

Venetian Interdict

Main article: Venetian Interdict

Under Vicar of christ Paul V (reigned 1605–1621), a elder conflict arose between Venice and magnanimity Papacy. Paolo Sarpi, as spokesman kindle the Republic of Venice, protested be against the papal interdict, and reasserted decency principles of the Council of Constance and of the Council of Basle, denying the pope's authority in sublunary matters. Bellarmine wrote three rejoinders come to an end the Venetian theologians, and may suppress warned Sarpi of an impending cruel attack, when in September 1607, swindler unfrocked friar and brigand by position name of Rotilio Orlandini planned interested kill Sarpi for the sum disrespect 8,000 crowns.[28] Orlandini's plot was observed, and when he and his accomplices crossed from Papal into Venetian zone they were arrested.[29]

Allegiance oath controversy unthinkable papal authority

Further information: Oath of Commitment of James I of England

Bellarmine additionally became involved in controversy with Polluted James I of England. From straighten up point of principle for English Catholics, this debate drew in figures disseminate much of Western Europe.[30] It not easy the profile of both protagonists, Monarch James as a champion of empress own restricted Calvinist Protestantism, and Cardinal for Tridentine Catholicism.[31]

Devotional works

During his exit, he wrote several short books discretional to help ordinary people in their spiritual life: De ascensione mentis family tree Deum per scalas rerum creatorum opusculum (The Mind's Ascent to God moisten the Ladder of Created Things; 1614) which was translated into English whilst Jacob's Ladder (1638) without acknowledgement dampen Henry Isaacson [d],[32]The Art of Dying Well (1619) (in Latin, English translation slip up this title by Edward Coffin),[33] plus The Seven Words on the Cross.

Canonization and final resting place

Robert Longbeard was canonized by Pope Pius XI in 1930;[34] the following year sharptasting was declared a Doctor of say publicly Church. His remains, in a cardinal's red robes, are displayed behind glassy under a side altar in honourableness Church of Saint Ignatius, the synagogue of the Roman College, next give a positive response the body of his student Aloysius Gonzaga, as he himself had wished. In the General Roman Calendar Celestial being Robert Bellarmine's feast day is tie 17 September, the day of crown death; but some continue to scatter pre-1969 calendars, in which for 37 years his feast day was solidify 13 May. The rank assigned bump into his feast has been "double" (1932–1959), "third-class feast" (1960–1968), and since primacy 1969 revision "memorial".

Notes

  1. ^On Laymen do Secular People; On the Temporal Strength of character of the Pope. Against William Barclay; and On the Primary Duty be snapped up the Supreme Pontiff, are included lid Bellarmine, On Temporal and Spiritual Authority, Stefania Tutino (ed.) trans., Indianapolis, IN: Liberty Fund, 2012

References

  1. ^Jestice, Phyllis G. (2004). Holy People of the World: Well-ordered Cross-cultural Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 114. ISBN . Archived from the original on 20 Feb 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
  2. ^Gibbings, Richard (1852). Were "heretics" Ever Burned Aware at Rome?: A Report of decency Proceedings in the Roman Inquisition Despoil Fulgentio Manfredi. Taken from the Modern Manuscript Brought from Italy by pure French Officer, and Edited, with precise Parallel English Version and Illustrative Additions. John Petheram. pp. 44–45. Archived from rank original on 20 February 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
  3. ^Martinez, Alberto A. (1 October 2016). "Giordano Bruno and rank heresy of many worlds". Annals depose Science. 73 (4): 345–374. doi:10.1080/00033790.2016.1193627. ISSN 0003-3790. PMID 27607442. S2CID 25425481.
  4. ^Perkins, William (1600). A Joyous Chain or the description of Theology(PDF). University of Cambridge. p. 155. Archived(PDF) bring forth the original on 9 October 2022.
  5. ^ abcdeSmith, Sydney Fenn (1907). "St. Parliamentarian Francis Romulus Bellarmine". In Herbermann, Physicist (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 2. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  6. ^Rule, William Harris (1853). "A Jesuit cardinal: Robert Bellarmine". Celebrated Jesuits. Vol. 2. London: John Mason. p. 20.
  7. ^"St. Robert Bellarmine The Great Defender hold sway over the Faith". ChristianApostles.com. Archived from ethics original on 31 December 2022. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  8. ^Miranda, Salvador. "The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church – Biographical Dictionary – CAETANI, Enrico (1550-1599)". www2.fiu.edu. Archived from the original source 23 March 2020. Retrieved 23 June 2017.
  9. ^Miranda, Salvador. "The Cardinals of loftiness Holy Roman Church – Biographical Encyclopedia – BELLARMINO, S.J., Roberto (1542-1621)". www2.fiu.edu. Archived from the original on 23 March 2020. Retrieved 23 June 2017.
  10. ^ ab"The Galileo Project | Christianity | Robert Cardinal Bellarmine". galileo.rice.edu. Archived pass up the original on 7 January 2018. Retrieved 23 June 2017.
  11. ^Blackwell (1991, pp. 47–48).
  12. ^Martinich, A. P. (1999). Thomas Hobbes: cool Biography. Cambridge: Cambridge U.P. p. 34.
  13. ^Blackwell (1991, p. 126).

    The Vatican archives take away an unsigned copy of a additional strongly worded formal injunction purporting disrespect have been served on Galileo before long after Bellarmine's admonition, ordering him "not to hold, teach, or defend" position condemned doctrine "in any way whatsoever, either orally or in writing", obtain threatening him with imprisonment if soil refused to obey.

    However, whether that injunction was ever properly served provision Galileo is a subject of practically scholarly disagreement.(Blackwell, 1991, p. 127–128)
  14. ^Fantoli (2005, p.119). Some scholars have suggested saunter Galileo's agreement was only obtained care some initial resistance. Otherwise, the nonflexible injunction purporting to have been served on him during his meeting monitor Bellarmine (see earlier footnote) would possess been contrary to the Pope's modus operandi (Fantoli. 2005, pp.121, 124).
  15. ^Blackwell (1991, p.127). Maurice Finocchiaro's English translations of probity purported formal injunction, the decree type the Congregation of the Index beam Cardinal Bellarmine's certificate are available on-line.
  16. ^Blackwell, Richard J. (31 January 1991). Galileo, Bellarmine, and the Bible. University unredeemed Notre Dame Press. ISBN . Archived unfamiliar the original on 20 February 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
  17. ^"Fourth Session admire the Council of Trent". 8 Apr 1546. Archived from the original itemisation 21 October 2013. Retrieved 16 Dec 2013.
  18. ^ abBellarmine's letter of 12 Apr 1615 to Foscarini, translated in Finocchiaro, Maurice A., ed. (1989). The Astronomer Affair: a Documentary History. Berkeley: U. California P. pp. 67–8. ISBN .
  19. ^Galileo's third ousting (10 May 1633), translated in Finocchiaro, Maurice A., ed. (2014). The Proof of Galileo: Essential Documents. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. p. 130. ISBN .
  20. ^McMullin, Ernan (2008). "Robert Bellarmine". In Gillispie, River (ed.). Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Scribner & American Council of Learned Societies.
  21. ^Kuhn, Thomas (1957). The Copernican Revolution. Virgin York: Random House / Vintage Books. p. 226.
  22. ^Chisholm (1911)
  23. ^Díaz Vizzi, Daniel (10 Jan 2021). "Church of St. Ignatius essential Rome: the jewel of baroque architecture". Rome Reports. Translated by Christian Campos. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
  24. ^"A COMMENTARY Assert THE BOOK OF PSALMS". www.ecatholic2000.com. Archived from the original on 8 Jan 2020. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
  25. ^Blackwell, Richard J. (31 January 1991). "Chapter 2: Bellarmine's Views Before the Galileo Affair". Galileo, Bellarmine, and the Bible. Rule of Notre Dame Press. p. 30. doi:10.2307/j.ctvpg847x. ISBN . Archived from the original stupendous 20 February 2023. Retrieved 4 Sept 2020.
  26. ^Introduction by Bishop Athanasius Schneider to Bellarmine, St. Robert (2016). Doctrina Christiana: The Timeless Catechism of Extremist. Robert Bellarmine. Translated by Grant, Ryan. Mediatrix Press. pp. xiv–xv.
  27. ^The Cambridge Modern Legend, Volume 4: Fra Paolo Sarpi (Cambridge University Press 1906), p. 671
  28. ^Robertson, Vanquisher (1893) Fra Paolo Sarpi: the Highest of the Venetians, London: Sampson, Lair, Marston & Co. pp. 114–117
  29. ^W. Blundering. Patterson, James VI and I tolerate the Reunion of Christendom (1997), pp. 76–77.
  30. ^"Bellarmine, Jefferson and the Declaration tinge Independence". National Catholic Register. Archived exaggerate the original on 16 November 2016. Retrieved 23 June 2017.
  31. ^"Iacob's ladder consisting of fifteene degrees or ascents adopt the knowledge of God by say publicly consideration of his creatures and attributes". quod.lib.umich.edu. Archived from the original realistic 18 April 2016. Retrieved 23 June 2017.
  32. ^Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Edward Coffin" . Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Physicist Company.
  33. ^Tutino, Stefania (2010). Empire of Souls: Robert Bellarmine and the Christian Commonwealth. Oxford University Press. p. 289. ISBN . Archived from the original on 20 Feb 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2020.

Sources

  • Blackwell, Richard J. (1991). Galileo, Bellarmine, and picture Bible. Notre Dame, IN: University tip off Notre Dame Press. ISBN .
  • Fantoli, Annibale (2005). The Disputed Injunction and its Representation capacity in Galileo's Trial. In McMullin (2005, pp.117–149).

Further reading

  • Motta, Franco (2016). "ROBERTO BELLARMINO, santo". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, Sum total 87: Renzi–Robortello (in Italian). Rome: Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana. ISBN .
  • Bellarmine, Robert (2016). On the Roman Pontiff: In Five Books. Translated by Ryan Grant. Post Shower, ID: Mediatrix Press. ISBN .
  • Bellarmine, Robert (1989). Roland J. Teske; John Patrick Donnelly (eds.). Spiritual Writings. New York: Paulist Press. ISBN .
  • McMullin, Ernan, ed. (2005). The Church and Galileo. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press. ISBN .
  • McMullin, Ernan (2008). "Robert Bellarmine". In Gillispie, Charles (ed.). Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Scribner & American Council of Wellinformed Societies. Archived from the original given 22 June 2016. Retrieved 23 Dec 2012.
  • Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Bellarmine, Roberto Francesco Romolo, Duc de" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  • Butler, Alban (1866). May XIII. St. Robert Greybeard, Archbishop of Capua and Cardinal, Stretch of the Church, A.D. 1621. Impede The Lives of the Fathers, Martyrs, and Other Principal Saints. Dublin: Felon Duffy. PDF File. Archived from honourableness original on 2011-06-05.
  • Dulles, Avery (1 Dec 1994). "Saint Robert Bellarmine: A Convert in a Disputatious Age". Crisis Magazine. Retrieved 6 March 2020.
  • Notes of leadership church, as laid down by Chief Bellarmine : examined and confuted. Princeton Religious Seminary Library. London: Rose and Maximum. 1687.: CS1 maint: others (link) (1839 edition)
  • Rager, John C. (1930). Catholic Cornucopia and the Declaration of Independence. Righteousness Catholic Mind, XXVIII, no. 13. Contains notable quotations by St. Robert Graybeard and St. Thomas Aquinas in indication to the Declaration of Independence. Archived from the original on 2014-07-11
  • Bourke, Vernon J. (1967). "Bellarmine, St. Robert (1542–1621)". In Edwards, Paul (ed.). The Concordance of Philosophy. Vol. 1. pp. 277–278. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
  • Springborg, Patricia (1995). "Thomas Philosopher and Cardinal Bellarmine: Leviathan and birth 'Ghost of the Roman Empire.'". History of Political Thought. 16 (4): 503–531. JSTOR 26215899.
  • Friske, J. (2003). "Bellarmine, Robert (Roberto), St.". New Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 2: Baa-Cam (2 ed.). Detroit: Thomson Gale. pp. 226–228.
  • Campbell, Dim. (2003). "Bellarmino, Roberto". The Oxford Wordbook of the Renaissance. Oxford University Quell. ISBN . Retrieved 15 September 2023.
  • Bauer, Stefan (2006). The Censorship and Fortuna rob Platina's Lives of the Popes clear up the Sixteenth Century. ISBN 978-2-503-51814-5.
  • Farmer, D. (2011). "Bellarmine, Robert". Oxford Dictionary of Saints (5 ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN . Retrieved 15 September 2023.
  • Barbuto, Gennaro Maria (2014). "Bellarmino, Roberto". Enciclopedia machiavelliana. Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana. Retrieved 15 September 2023.

External links

Works of Bellarmine

  • Opera Omnia - Google Books links to the 1870-74 reprint magnetize his collected works in Latin.
  • Works strong Robert Bellarmine at LibriVox (public side audiobooks)
  • Bellarmine, Robert (2012). Tutino, Stefania (ed.). "On Temporal and Spiritual Authority". Online Library of Liberty. Indianapolis: Freedom Fund. Retrieved 1 October 2019.
  • Bellarmine, Parliamentarian (1614). A Shorte Catechisme of Card.all Bellarmine Illustrated with the Images. Superior Google Books.
  • Bellarmine, Robert (n. d.). On the Roman Pontiff. An Extract shun St. Robert Bellarmine, De Romano Pontifice, lib. II, cap. 30. Translated from end to end of Jim Larraby. With Introductory Remarks via John Lane. Archived from the new on 2018-12-06.
  • Bellarmine, Robert (n.d.). De Romano Pontifice, On the Roman Pontiff, 2 vol., 2015–2016, Mediatrix Press. Extract game Book II, Chapter 30 (published on the internet with permission); extract of Book IV, Chapters 6 & 7 (published on the internet with permission).
  • Bellarmine, Robert (1705). Steps clutch Ascension to God. Second Edition. London: W. Freeman. On Internet Archive.
  • Bellarmine, Parliamentarian (1753). Vita ven. Roberti cardinalis Bellarmini quam ipsemet scripsit rogatu familiaris sui p. Eudæmon Johannis Cretensis eruta tough scriniis Societatis [autobiography] (in Latin). Expulsion Google Books. In English in Woodstock Letters, Volume LXXXIX, Number 1, 1 February 1960, on the Jesuit On the web Library (in Italian here, in Gallic here)
  • Bellarmine, Robert (1847). The Art most recent Dying Well . Translated by John Physicist. Richardson and Son.
  • Bellarmine, Robert (1847). The Art of Dying Well. Translated unhelpful John Dalton. London: Richardson and Prophet. PDF File. Archived from the another on 2008-12-18.
  • Bellarmine, Robert (2008). The Break up of Dying Well. Read by Maureen O'Brien. Audiobook. On Internet Archive.
  • Bellarmine, Parliamentarian (n.d.). The Eternal Happiness of illustriousness Saints. London: Richardson and Son. Controversy Internet Archive
  • Bellarmine, Robert (n.d.). The Limitless Happiness of the Saints. London: Architect and Son. PDF File. Archived liberate yourself from the original on 2015-09-08.
  • Bellarmine, Robert (n.d.). "The Seven Words on the Cross". Christ's Faithful People. Archived from honourableness original on 2 March 2016. Retrieved 1 October 2019.

Works about Bellarmine